Advanced Composites
Factors that contribute to the mechanical performance of composite material.

Fiber length, orientation, shape, and material contribute to the performance of composites.

Fibers may be short or long. Short fibers are low in cost and are easier to process, but it is difficult to control their orientation, therefore it is difficult to optimize the mechanical performance of the composite. Long fibers are more difficult to process but are easier to orient in the desired direction allowing the designer to tailor the properties of the composite and offer better translation of fiber properties to the final composite. Continuous fiber composites also offer less shrinkage, improved impact resistance, and better dimensional stability than their short fiber counterparts.

Fibers aligned in a predefined direction impart high stiffness and strength to the composite in the axial direction of the fiber. The performance properties of the fiber determine the overall performance of the composite. Wide ranges of fibers, each with unique performance properties are available at a wide range of prices. Whereas glass fibers are economical and are suitable for a wide range of applications, the application of carbon or graphite fibers, which are more expensive, offer substantial increases in strength and stiffness.

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